Marine Protected Areas and Species

Protected Species

- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (1973). UNEP 1975
- Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (1979). UNEP 1983
- Convention on Biological Diversity (1992). UNEP 1993
- Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (1995). 1999

Non-Binding: World Charter for Nature (1982).

Marine Mammals

- UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982). 1994
- International Convention on the Regulation of Whaling (1946). Int'l Whaling Commission (IWC) 1948
- SOLAS 1974, mandatory reporting to protect the right whale
- Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans of the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Contiguous Atlantic Area (ACCOBAMS 1996). NIF
Non-Binding: Global Plan of Action for the Conservation, Management and Utilization of Marine Mammals (1984, rev. 1997). UNEP. Action Plan for the Conservation of Cetaceans in the Mediterranean Sea (1991). UNEP/MEDU

Protected Areas

- UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, Articles 194.5 and 162.2.x. 1994
- International Whaling Convention 1946: Indian Ocean and Southern Ocean Sanctuaries. 1979/1994
- Convention on Biological Diversity (1992). 1993
- Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat (1971). IUCN 1975
- Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (1972). UNESCO 1975
- The Protocol Concerning Mediterranean Specially Protected Areas (SPA Protocol); adopted in Geneva Switzerland, on 2 April 1982, in force 1986, revised in Barcelona, Spain on 9-10 June 1995 as the Protocol Concerning Specially Protected Areas and Biological Diversity in the Mediterranean (SPA and Biodiversity Protocol) (in force) NIF/1986
- Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (1979). Council of Europe. 1982
- African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (1968). OAU 1969

Non-Binding: Action Plan for Biosphere Reserves (1984) and Seville Strategy and Statutory Framework for the World Network of Biosphere Reserves (1995). UNESCO

Shipping measures

- Special Area Designations Under MARPOL 73/78
- Mediterranean Sea - Annexes I*, V